New York City consists of five boroughs—Manhattan, Brooklyn, Queens, The Bronx, and Staten Island—each coextensive with a county. The broader New York metropolitan area spans parts of New York State, New Jersey, and Connecticut. While there is no formal metropolitan government, metropolitan coordination occurs through non-governmental entities or state-created public benefit corporations (such as Port Authority of New York and New Jersey and the Metropolitan Transportation Authority), addressing shared concerns like transportation and environmental management.
As of 2024, women hold 61% of local government positions in New York, demonstrating a strong emphasis on gender equity and surpassing typical representation levels. In terms of air quality, in 2019 the city achieved a 40% improvement in particle pollution from its historical values, outperforming many regional and global peers.
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