Lima, Peru's capital and a megacity, functions as both a province (Lima Province) and a city, governed by the Metropolitan Municipality of Lima. Unique among Peru's provinces, Lima Province holds a unique status as a separate administrative entity from the surrounding Lima Region, while still being granted the same level of powers as the region. The city itself is divided into 43 districts, with neighboring cities such as Callao forming part of the wider metropolitan area. Coordination across this area occurs through voluntary cooperation and interdepartmental agreements, as there is no formal metropolitan authority or coordination mechanism.
Accessibility to open public spaces in Lima exceeds regional counterparts, with 95% of residents living near public spaces. CO₂ emissions per capita have reduced by 35% since 2010, illustrating Lima's efforts to curb its environmental impact while improving urban livability.
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